Volume 01 Issue 03

2016

 

Special Issue for “National Conferences on Advances in Mechanical Engineering” (NCAME’16), Trichy, India

Guest Editors: Dr. T. Senthilkumar, Dr. P. Gopal, Dr. B. Kumaragurubaran, Mr. Pon Azhagiri

1st & 2nd September, 2016


Emission Analysis of Four Strokes Single Cylinder CI Engine Fueled With Mahua Longifolia Biodiesel and Its Blends
R. Saravanan, P. Navaneetha Krishnan | pp: 01-07 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: The augmented demand for renewable energy sources and developing countries like India’s need to secure its energy supply has spurred interest in development of bio fuel production whereas the exhaust emission of the biodiesel is worsening the environment also. The aim of the research is scrutinize the emission behavior of Mahua Longofolia oil and its blends. Mahua Longofolia butyl ester is derived through transesterification process. A single cylinder, water cooled, four stroke diesel engine was used for this work. The subsequent fuels were weathered such as diesel, B10, B20, B30, PB10, PB20, PB30 and survey the exhaust emission behavior in terms of forethought of NOX, CO, HC, CO2 particulate theme and smoke density. Monitor fallout of diesel, Mahua Longofolia oil butyl esters and their blends with diesel by ability were compare. The carbon monoxide emission of the post progression is creating to be subordinate for all loads to evaluate the typical diesel. Substantial and substance property of fuel and slighter amount of time existing for inclusive combustion, the proportion of carbon monoxide emission increase. At superior load stipulation the hydrocarbon emission of diverse blends are higher B10, B20, and B30 blends. In this work for blends B10, B20, and B30 augment in load enhance the hydrocarbon emission. The post process blends PB10, PB20 and PB30 produce less significant hydrocarbon emission at maximum load while compared with other blends. The carbon dioxide emission of the fuel blends B10, B20, and B30 in all load stipulation are increase. PB10, PB20, and PB30 are digressed in all loading condition compare the other blends and standard diesel.


Chatter Suppression and Tool Wear Optimization Using Coated Boring Tool Holder
K.Parameshwaran, R. Kamalakannan, M. Prakash, R. Kalaiarasan | pp: 08-12 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: Chatter is a self-excited vibration that occurs during any machining process. Chatter vibrations were induced during boring process due to cantilever shape of boring bars. These vibrations increase the temperature of the boring tool further which ultimately increases the tool wear. In this project a suitable damping material is fixed on the boring bar, used to measure temperature for various positioning of the damper, various levels of speed, feed rate and depth of cut. The main objective of the work is to design damped tool holder for existing machine tools with low cost. The improvement of the damping capability of boring tools and suppression of chatter were attempted using different types of dampers such as Copper and Brass. These materials are having high density and so that inertia mass of the boring tool is increased to suppress the chatter of boring operations. Modal analysis of boring bar is done by using ANSYS software in this present investigation. Modal analysis is used to determine the natural frequencies and mode shapes of a structure. The natural frequencies and mode shapes are very important parameters in the design of a structure for dynamic loading conditions.


Friction and wear Behavior of Al 7075 Alloy and Al 7075/SiC/MoS2 Hybrid Composite
R. Pavendhan, R. Ashok Raj, S. Monisha, M. Mohammed Safique | pp: 13-17 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: In this paper, as attempt has been made to investigate the friction and wear  of the unreinforced Al 7075 and hybrid aluminium metal matrix composite reinforced with the hard ceramic (10 wt% SiC) and soft solid lubricant ( 3 wt% of MoS2) fabricated by using stir casing method. Micro hardness test were conducted on Al7075 and Al7075 hybrid composites. The Al7075 hybrid composite exhibited better hardness than Al7075 alloy. Sliding wear test were conducted by non-lubricated pin-on-disc. The sliding wear tests were carried out at 30kg loads, 1m/s speed and 2000m sliding distance. Wear of the hybrid composite is lower than that of the unreinforced Al 7075 in specified load, sliding speed and sliding distance. To recognize the mixing of reinforcement, microstructure was examined using optical microscope. Finally sliding wear behaviour of Al7075 Hybrid composite compared with sliding wear behaviour of unreinforced Al7075.


Reduce of Reflection losses in Solar cell by Using TiAl2 and Zr Anti Reflective Coating
S. Raam Kumar, R. Pirai Sudan, M. Nirmal Prethum, B. Kumaragurubaran, T. Senthilkumar | pp: 18-22 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: Direct energy conversion from sunlight to electricity is obtained through solar cells. The Efficiency of solar cells is about 23.89% in the laboratory and 13.76%. More than 30% of incident light is reflected back from the surface of single crystalline Silicon (Si) solar cells because of the high refractive index of Silicon material. The initial objective of this project is to minimize the reflection losses in solar cells using an Anti-Reflection coating (ARC). In solar cell applications, a single layer thin film Anti-Reflective coating is often used. But such a Single Layer Anti-Reflective coating (SLARC) and Double layer Anti-Reflective coating reduces reflectivity only in a limited range. Triple Layer Anti-Reflective coatings (TLARC) are so widely utilized to improve conversion efficiencies and current density of silicon solar cells. Such Triple layer anti reflective coating can eliminate the need for a mechanical tracking device for proper optical alignment of the solar cell with respect to incident sunlight.


Metal Bonded Fullerenes as an Additive in Lubricants
K. Jayabadhrinath | pp: 23-25 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: The fullerene (C60) molecules having the ability to roll against the surfaces contributes to its lubricating property. The high impact strength and shear strength of fullerenes makes it a better lubricant. Metal bonded fullerenes are stable. The bond breaks upon application of pressure due to moving parts causing shear between the molecules breaking the weak metal bonds. The bond breaks making the fullerenes free to move thus reducing friction between the moving parts. As the fullerenes are electrophilic they attract any electron rich compound and again forms a weak bond which breaks upon application of force thus protecting the fullerene molecules being washed off when the machine is not in use. This increases the efficiency of the machine reducing friction also reducing the wastage of lubricant.


Flow and Thermal properties evaluation of MWCNT Nanofluids with Different base fluids
P. C. Mukesh Kumar, M. Mruganandam | pp: 26-31 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: Now a days the technological   development in industries is facing great challenges in meeting out the cooling demand as the existing coolants have reached their limitations.  The nanofluids are the dispersion of the nano materials into base fluids. The novel nanofluids have been developed to solve the problems associated with the existing coolants in the thermal systems. In this investigation, seven Multi walled Carbon Nano Tube MWCNT nanofluids  have been prepared by using two step method  with  Distilled water, Coolant oil, Engine oil, Gear oil, Vegetable oil, Coconut oil, and  Grown oil as base fluids at the volume concentration of 0.1%. The flash and fire point, dynamic and kinematic viscosities have been measured. It is studied that the MWCNT/ Vegetable oil nanofluid gives highest flash point than the other fluids. Fire points of nanofluids prepared are comparatively higher than the conventional fluid. The MWCNT/Vegetable oil has highest fire point than other fluids.


Investigation of Copper to 304 Stainless Steel by using Tungsten Inert Gas welding
A. Arunmani, T. Senthilkumar, S. Viswanathan | pp: 32-35 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: The dissimilar joining of copper to 304 stainless steel was performed by tungsten inert gas welding process using304ss filler material. The results indicated the formation of defect free joint by using copper filler material. But, the presence of some defects like solidification crack and lack of fusion caused decreasing tensile strength of other joints. In the optimum conditions, the tensile strength of the joint was 96% of the weaker material. Also, this joint was bent till to 180º without any macroscopic defects like separation, tearing or fracture. It was concluded that copper is a new and good candidate for gas tungsten arc welding of copper to 304 stainless steel.


Detecting Malicious Attack in MANET by Enhancing the Security
D. Saravanan, K. Chinthanai Chelvan, B. Kumaragurubaran | pp: 36-40 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: The migration to wireless network from wired network has been a global trend in the past few decades. The open medium and wide distribution of nodes make MANET vulnerable to malicious attackers. A new technique EAACK (Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgement) method designed for MANET was proposed for intrusion detection. EAACK demonstrates higher malicious-behavior-detection rates in certain circumstances while does not greatly affect the network performances.


Performance Study on Solar Drying of Agricultural Products: A Review
R. Maharaja, B. Muthumanokaran, T. Ssenthilkumar | pp: 41-45 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: Solar drying is an integral part of rural life for various products especially vegetables, fruits and spices which are produced in rural areas and have no scientific means of preserving such raw products. Solar energy is the most abundant one and is available in both direct as well as indirect forms. There has been a remarkable achievement in drying process. This paper is an attempt to review the solar drying process and solar dryers used for various agricultural products drying worldwide, which includes types of solar dryer, drying process and application of solar drying process. Research is going on for improvement in process, types of dryer used for improving efficiency and cost of drying.


Review on Diffusion Bonding of Dissimilar and Similar Materials Using Interlayer
J. Lloyd Jenner Mangalakaran, T. Senthil Kumar, M. Chandrasekar, A. Raja | pp: 46-50 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: Fusion of welding dissimilar metals is difficult due to the formation of intermetallic compounds in the interface. Diffusion Bonding [DB], particularly the DB with interlayer is often resorted to as an alternate method for joining dissimilar metal combinations. The applications of DB with interlayers are steadily increasing starting from Aerospace to Automotive industries. The working principle of Diffusion Bonding with interlayers and its applications in various engineering industries are reviewed in this paper.


Performance Enhancement of Proton Membrane Exchange Fuel Cell – A Review
A. Manikandan, J. Dhobarathy, T. Senthilkumar | pp: 51-59 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: Fuel cell is an important alternative preferred, which employs chemical energy to produce electrical energy. PEMFC (Proton Membrane Fuel cell) employs the reaction energy that is produced by the combination of Oxygen and hydrogen. As the name signifies the membrane is used in the place of a liquid electrolyte. This effectively lowers the operating temperature. This paper analyses the microscopic and macroscopic aspects of this fuel cell and its control to improve the efficiency and its rapid commercialization. The fuel cell set up and the related concepts like the virtual photon, temperament and the improvement of availability of heat is analyzed briefly. A comparative study of NAFION and other contemporary membranes explaining the selection criteria. Incorporating Nanotechnology in the forthcoming fuels will improve the operational parameters. And the components using nanotechnology by which it can cut past the operational efficiency of conventional engines is discussed in detail. There are few difficulties in commercializing this fuel.  Solutions for these difficulties and drawbacks are suggested in this paper. A comparative study of PEMFC and other fuel cell is made… The advancements that can be made in this technology are given as a foresight.


Design Optimization of drilling process parameters of EN -24 steel plates using Design of Experiments
T.T. M. Kannan, R. Pavendhan, R. Ajith, S. Yuvasiri | pp: 60-64 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: Metal removal Techniques is a mature technology involving several disciplines of sciences. It is a continuously change in line with strategies material developments though out the manufacturing industry worldwide and also developing the metal cutting industry. EN 24 steel findings many applications such as Shaft, axle, gears and fasteners due to their strength to weight ratio. In this experimental investigation on drilling process of En24 steel plate with various drilling parameters such as spindle speed and feed rate and diameter of drill to find the optimum range of response parameters such as Surface roughness.  The process parameters using L9 Orthogonal array of Taguchi design of experiment methodology with 3 levels and 3 factors of input parameters and optimized by Signal to noise ratio.  The main objectives of this research work which identify lower surface roughness of drilling process through experimental analysis and theoretical calculations using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The result of the experiments indicates spindle speed play a dominating role in surface roughness in drilling process of EN 24 steel plates.


A Comparative Study on AA 6061 Processed through Equal Channel Angular Pressing Die and High Pressure Torsion Die
R. Raj Mohan, B. Kumaragurubaran, S. Raghuraman, T. Senthilkumar | pp: 65-66 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: The word Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) method is delivering as an effectual means for grain refinement and also obtains combined ductility and strength. The Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) technique has several methodologies among them the High pressure torsion (HPT) and Equal Channel Angular Pressing Techniques widely used to attain desirable properties. Both techniques involve the deformation of material by pure shear which induces plastic deformation on the material. The present study has been carried out under HPT and ECAP techniques to identify the deformation behaviour for AA 6061 Aluminum Alloy.


Micro milling of Aluminum alloy using CNC milling machine
M. Samuel, R. Pavendhan, R. Manickam, T. Pugalenthi | pp: 67-70 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: In micromachining the achievable range of material removal depth is the range of 1 x 10-6 m to 10-3 m. The least count in a normal milling machine is 0.01mm which is greater than 10-3 microns. Normally micro milling is done on specific milling machine which can achieve such micron level of material removal and they involve very high cost. This report is on the experimental procedure done for micro end milling on normal milling machine. During the machining various parameters like speed, feed and depth of cut were varied and surface roughness obtained for each value is noted and an optimum combination value for above is proposed.


Analyzing and Controlling the Defectives in a Manufacturing Industry Using Six Sigma Approach
M. Shanmugaraja, C. Vasanthakumar, K.S.Yokesh | pp: 71-74 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: In recent days, Six Sigma programme is the subject of a lot of discussion papers, case studies and papers on application issues. Among the published literatures, only few have discussed about Taguchi’s experimental design strategy to improve sigma quality level in six sigma arena. This paper illustrates the application of Taguchi design of experiments in DMAIC cycle. This new approach is proposed to reduce defect level in aluminium die casting industry. Process capability of oil pump body casting is assessed before and after the case application in terms of sigma quality level. The results of the study show that the casting defect is reduced by 12.42% and process capability is improved from 2.51s to 3.18s.  Application of robust optimization in six sigma arena has resulted in development of industrial statistic based quality improvement strategy for improving quality and productivity simultaneously.


Optimization of drilling parameters of Al 7075/ SiC /MoS2 Hybrid Composite in EDM
R. Pavendhan, R. Ashok raj, S. Arokia Sham Raj, L.Joshua | pp: 75-81 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: In this paper, as attempt has been made to investigate the influence drilling parameters of hybrid aluminium metal matrix composite reinforced with the hard ceramic (10 wt% SiC) and soft solid lubricant ( 3 wt% of MoS2)in EDM, fabricated by using stir casing method. Hardness test were conducted on Al7075 and Al7075 hybrid composite. The Al7075 hybrid composite exhibited better hardness than Al7075 alloy. Peak current, pulse on time, pulse off time and pressure have chosen as input parameters. The pressure taken as constant throughout experiments.L9 orthogonal array is used in DOE Taguchi’s optimization method. Three level input parameters were used in L9 orthogonal array. At the end of experiments MRR and TWR were calculated for each experiment. Finally minitab is used to optimize and find influence drilling parameters of MRR and TWR.


A Security Issues and Behavior Analysis of Intrusion Detection in MANET
D. Rajalakshmi, D. Saravanan, B. Kumaragurubaran | pp: 82-90 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: The mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) have been used in latest years, in several applications. They are more susceptible to malicious attack. It’s more problematical to deliver security in mobile ad hoc network entirely. It’s based on some exclusive characteristics. In addition the inhibition methods need to detect and yield essential activities to deliver the security to these types of networks. For this purpose many intrusion detection systems (IDSs) are used. An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) perceives malicious and selfish nodes in a network. Designing efficient IDS for wireless ad – hoc networks that would not disturb the presentation of the network considerably is definitely a challenging task. Detecting Misbehavior (such as transmission of forged information) in Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) is an important problem with wide range of security applications. Authentication and confidentiality is an important aspect of mobile adhoc networks. It enables thing to manage with insecurity and uncontrollability caused by the free will of others. Security management is highly challenging issues in MANETs due to computational difficulty limitation, and the independent movement of component nodes. This paper presents an overview of issues related to security threats in mobile adhoc networks & security objectives are to be attained.


Experimental Investigation on Phase Change Material
M. Aravindhan, N. Mathiazhagan, R. Ayyaswamy | pp: 91-94 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: The use of a latent heat storage system using phase change materials (PCMs) is an effective way of storing thermal energy and has the advantages of high-energy storage density and the isothermal nature of the storage process. PCMs have been widely used in latent heat thermal storage systems for heat pumps, solar engineering, and spacecraft thermal control applications. The uses of PCMs for heating and cooling applications for buildings have been investigated within the past decade. There are large numbers of PCMs that melt and solidify at a wide range of temperatures, making them attractive in a number of applications. This paper also summarizes the investigation and analysis of the available thermal energy storage systems incorporating PCMs for use in different applications.


Thermal Analysis of Effect of Thermal Barrier Coating on Al-Si Piston of Petrol Engine Using ANSYS
R. Soundararajan, R. Sivasubramanian, P. Ashoka Varthanan, S. Surya | pp: 95-99 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: This paper presents the simulation of temperature distribution in Al-Si piston of petrol engine provided with Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC). It has been identified that by providing TBC over piston crown will reduce the emission as well as the fuel consumption. In this work, a comparative study of steady state thermal analysis was carried out for standard piston and double coated (MgPSZ+NiCrAl, YPSZ+NiCrAl) Al-Si pistons respectively using ANSYS – Workbench. Analysis result shows a decrease in thermal conductivity and a sharp increase in surface temperature of piston crown of about 18%-48% were observed in TBC coated Al-Si piston, which will result in increase in air fuel mixture temperature in crevice volume and wall quenching region.


A Review on Thermal Barrier Coating Effects on Various Applications
N. Bala Ganesh, T. Senthil Kumar, M. Chandra Sekar | pp: 100-107 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: In this paper, a complete literatures review of thermal barrier coating applications in diesel engines and to find coating effects. The coating system has effects on the fuel consumption, the power and the combustion efficiency, pollution contents. Usually there are several beneficial influences by applying ceramic layers on the combustion chamber, including the piston, the cylinder head, the cylinder block, intake and exhaust valves by using a plasma spray method. Several disadvantages such as producing nitrogen oxides also exist when a coating system is used. In this article, all effects, advantages and disadvantages of thermal barrier coatings are investigated based on presented articles.


Construction of Service in the Web Search Engine
D. Saravanan, K. Girija, B. Kumaragurubaran, T. Senthilkumar | pp: 108-115 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: Club CF with slicing Algorithm is proposed in this project. This approach enacted around two stages. They are Available services are divided into the small-scale clusters and A slicing algorithm is imposed on the clusters. The feedback from the user is got through clued click sequence. Based on the feedback from the user, rating is done on the service.


Quality Improvement in Service Industry Using Voice of Customer Approach
M. Shanmugaraja, K.S. Yokesh, C. Vasanthakumar | pp: 116-119 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: Quality Function Deployment is a scientific approach for converting customer complaints into Critical-to-Quality characteristic. This concept is used as driver for improving the service quality in this paper. The application of this approach in an automobile service industry has identified predominant customer complaints. The information analyzed through house of quality matrix has shown that the technical ability of the personal has to be improved to provide better customer service.


Comprehensive Review on Effect of Dust Accumulation on PV Panel
A. Suganya, B. Kumaragurubaran, T. Senthilkumar | pp: 120-123 | Purchase PDF

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Abstract: One of the most popular techniques of renewable energy generation is the installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems using sunlight to generate electrical power. In this paper we review that the effect of dust accumulation on the solar panel naturally. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of soiling problems, primarily those associated with ‘‘dust’’ (sand) and combined dust-moisture conditions that are inherent to many of the most solar-rich Geographic locations worldwide. We review and evaluate key contributions to the understanding performance effects. The degradation of PV performance due to the deposition of different pollutant types and accumulation has been investigated. The results show that the reduction in PV voltage and power is strongly depends on pollutant type and deposition level. This paper provides a detailed review of the effect of dust accumulation on PV panel. The presented detailed overview will be useful to people working on theory, design and/or application of photovoltaic based electricity generation systems.